Most rheumatologists will probably tell you that a rheumatoid arthritis diet is a myth and that there is no relationship between food and RA. However, there actually is quite a bit of data out there from clinical studies that prove otherwise.
If you're like me, and will try just about anything to avoid a (shortened) lifetime on toxic drugs, you want to hear about these rheumatoid arthritis diet studies and other natural options.
If dangerous drugs were the only way for a person to gain relief from suffering, we would be forced to accept the drawbacks of conventional therapy for autoimmune illnesses. The reality is, however, that dietary and nutritional interventions work for autoimmune diseases such a rheumatoid arthritis. Dr. Joel Fuhrman, MD, Eat To Live
The key to rheumatoid arthritis diet is understanding your disease- what causes RA and what causes inflammation in the body. Ultimately, we want to stop the insane immune response in our body and we want to prevent and calm the inflammation.
Below are some rheumatoid arthritis diet facts that I have learned:
Rheumatoid Arthritis Diet Tip #1: Avoid Your Food Triggers
The immune response starts in the gut. Our intestines are 70% of the immune system, and there is evidence that the intestines of people with RA are more permeable - often called “leaky gut syndrome.” (Paganelli, Levinsky, Wraith, 1979; Panush, 1986). This allows food proteins to cross through the intestines, causing food sensitivities and activating an immune response (see article on leaky gut syndrome and RA).
Consequently, rheumatoid arthritis has been linked to allergies and food sensitivities (Zeller, 1949). Many studies have shown that RA worsens when people eat foods they are allergic or sensitive to, and improves when these foods are avoided (i.e. Darlington, Ramsey, Mansfield, 1986; Beri, Malaviya, Shandilya, Singh, 1988; Panush 1988; Taylor, 1983).
Interestingly, in studies, the vast majority of RA patients have elevated levels of antibodies to milk and/or wheat, suggesting allergies to these (O’Farrelly, Price, McGillivray, Fernandes, 1989). A study published in the Lancet suggests that one-third of people with RA may be able to control their disease completely through food allergy elimination (Darlington, Ramsey, 1991), suggesting that identification and elimination of symptom-triggering foods should be done with the help of a doctor.
Part of the rheumatoid arthritis diet is understanding what sets your immune system into overdrive. Unfortunately, common food allergy tests done on skin and blood don't do a good job showing food antibodies in people with RA. A better, though more expensive (and invasive) approach is to test intestinal fluids for food antibodies (See related study.) Therefore, possibly the best way to test for food sensitivities is via an elimination diet. In Dr. Fuhrman's book, Fasting and Eating for Health, he suggests that if your body is very symptomatic, you first do a medically supervised water fast to eliminate your body of the toxins that are stored in your tissues and allow your immune system to reset itself. Then, over a period of time, reintroduce foods back into your diet, noting how they affect your body.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Diet Tip #2: Avoid Fat
Diets low in fat appear to be beneficial to RA sufferers. For example, Levy et al. (1982) looked at how dietary fat affects immune response, production of antiviral factors, and immune complex disease in lab mice. They found that feeding a high-fat diet to animals who are susceptible to autoimmune disease increased the severity of RA.
Jacobsson et al. (1990) looked at the correlation of the composition of fat tissue and fat intake with disease duration in rheumatoid arthritis. They found that people with RA reported to eat more fat, particularly animal fat, than those without RA. Similarly, Lucas and Power (1981) looked at the effect of dietary fat on rheumatoid arthritis and found that diets completely free of fat help people with RA achieve remission. In a study published in the Lancet, Palmblad (1977) showed that excess fat hinders immune function.
”The excess of fat in the diet from either animal fats or excessive vegetable oil can impede the ability of the body to quickly clear immune complexes from the bloodstream…eventually depositing themselves in our tissues.” Dr. Joel Fuhrman, MD, Fasting and Eating for Health
Rheumatoid Arthritis Diet Tip #3: Eat Your Greens
A vegetarian or vegan diet appears to help people with rheumatoid arthritis. For example, Skoldstam (1987) and Nenonen, Helve, and Hanninen (1992) looked at the effects of a vegan diet on rheumatoid arthritis (the latter actually looked at a raw food vegan diet), and found that vegan diets that are also very low in fat reduce RA symptoms.
My Favorite "Anti-RA" Smoothie!
(For this, I highly recommend using a high-power blender with a plunger, like the VitaMix - I can't live without mine!)
This recipe is enough for several servings
2 large handfuls of baby spinach
1-2 cups frozen blueberries
2-3 cups frozen strawberries
1 large banana
4-6 tbsp ground flaxseeds
Enough plain, unsweetened almond milk to allow it to be sucked through a straw :)
Run machine till thoroughly blended and enjoy! (My kids LOVE this smoothie and it's so good for them!)
Max Warmbrand, a naturopathic doctor, explained in his book, How thousands of my arthritis patients regained their health, how a very low-fat diet free of meat, dairy, chemicals, sugar, eggs, and processed foods was used to treat people with RA.
Similarly, Borchgrevink et al. (1991) found that a vegetarian, gluten-free diet leads to improved RA symptoms.
Studies looking at populations in rural China (Beasley and Bennett, 1983) and Africa (Beighton et al., 1975), which consume nearly vegetarian diets- mostly fruits, vegetables, and grains, find that autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are nearly nonexistent.
Need Help Getting Started?
I have found these websites which are quite helpful:
FatFreeVegan.com. She has tons of great Fat-Free, Vegan recipes - plus sections for gluten free and Eat to Live recipes too!
Eat-2-Live Yahoo group. This support group also has recipes, and you can talk to and connect with other Eat to Live'ers.
Below are some other research studies I have found in support of an rheumatoid arthritis diet:
A vegan diet free of gluten improves the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: the effects on arthritis correlate with a reduction in antibodies to food antigens I. Hafström, B. Ringertz, A. Spångberg, L. von Zweigbergk, S. Brannemark, I. Nylander, J. Rönnelid, L. Laasonen and L. Klareskog Rheumatology 2001; 40: 1175-1179
Conclusion: The data provide evidence that dietary modification may be of clinical benefit for certain RA patients, and that this benefit may be related to a reduction in immunoreactivity to food antigens eliminated by the change in diet.
The effect of individualized diet challenges consisting of allergenic foods on TNF- and IL-1ß levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis S. Karatay1, T. Erdem2, K. Yildirim1, M. A. Melikoglu1, M. Ugur, E. Cakir, F. Akcay and K. Senel1 Rheumatology 2004 43(11):1429-1433
Conclusions: The results suggest that individualized dietary revisions may regulate TNF- and IL-1ß levels in selected patients with RA. Rheumatoid arthritis treated with vegetarian diets Jens Kjeldsen-Kragh American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 70, No. 3, 594S-600S, September 1999
Conclusions: Some patients with RA can benefit from a fasting period followed by a vegetarian diet. Thus, dietary treatment may be a valuable adjunct to the ordinary therapeutic armamentarium for RA.